Answer:

Please note that scholars disagree on the issue ru'yah moon in a country where the Muslims have seen the moon while another country has not seen it. Are the Muslims in other countries also follow the new moon or new moon is only valid for the country and the country saw that one matholi '(where the rising moon) with him.

Stronger opinion is back on ru'yah moon in the local country. If the two countries is still one matholi 'moon, they are considered equal in the moon. If in one country is one matholi 'had already seen the new moon, the neighboring country hilalnya apply to earlier. As if the difference matholi 'moon, then every country has laws respectively. This is an opinion chosen by Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah rahimahullah. This opinion is more consistent with the Qur'an, Sunnah and qiyas.

Theorem of the Qur'an is the word of Allah, the Exalted,

فمن شهد منكم الشهر فليصمه ومن كان مريضا أو على سفر فعدة من أيام أخر يريد الله بكم اليسر ولا يريد بكم العسر ولتكملوا العدة ولتكبروا الله على ما هداكم ولعلكم تشكرون

"Therefore, whosoever of you is present (in the land where he lived) in the month, then let him fast the month, and any one is ill or on a journey (and then he broke), then (wajiblah for him to fast), as many days had left it, on the other days. Allah intends for you ease, and does not want hardship for you. And ye shall suffice number is and let you glorify God for His guidance given to you, that ye may be grateful. "(Surat al-Baqara: 185). Understood from this verse, he who does not see the moon, so he is not required to fast.

As for the argument from the Sunnah, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam,

إذا رأيتموه فصوموا, وإذا رأيتموه فأفطروا

"If you look at the new moon of Ramadan, then fasted. If you see the new moon of Shawwal, the days and rayalah. "(Narrated by Bukhari no. 1900 and Muslim no. 1080). Understood from this hadith, anyone who did not witness the new moon, so he did not have the obligation of fasting and have no obligation to spend a holiday.

As for the argument qiyas, began fasting and breaking the fast is only valid for the country itself and the country that same sun rises and sets. It is agreed. You can see that the Muslims in the country east-Asia-ie, start fasting before the Muslims residing in the western world, as well as open his fast. This happens because the dawn in the land rises in advance of the west country. Similarly, the first sunset in the east than the west country. If the differences can occur everyday in terms of start fasting and breaking fast, so will this happen in the case began fasting at the beginning of the month and begin to spend a holiday. Both make no difference.

However, that need to be a concern, if the two countries that are similar in matholi '(where the rising moon), was decided by the respective authorities to start the fast or feast days and then must follow the decision of authorities in each country. This problem is a problem khilafiyah, so the decision which will resolve disputes penguasalah existing.

Based on this, you should fast and feast days and holidays as fasting and conducted in your country (ie following the decision of the ruler). Though they start fasting or fasting is different from any other country. Similarly, in the fasting Arofah problem, you should follow the determination of the new moon in your country.

[Majmu 'Fataawa wa-il Rosa Shaykh Muhammad bin Salih Al' Uthaymeen, 19/24-25, Darul Wathon - Darul Tsaroya, last printed, 1413 H]

Shaykh Muhammad bin Salih Al 'Uthaymeen also received the following question, "If there are differences regarding the determination day due to the difference Arofah mathla' (where the rising moon) moon due to the influence of regional differences. Are we fast follow ru'yah country we lived or follow ru'yah Haromain (two holy land)? "

Rahimahullah Shaykh replied, "This problem is an instance of scholars dispute whether the new moon for the entire world was a different or follow different regions. The correct, that the new moon following the differences in different regions.

For example, in Makkah seen the new moon, so today is the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah. While in other countries, Dhu al-Hijjah moon has been seen the day before ru'yah Makkah so that the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah in Makkah is the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah in the country. It should not be for the people of that State to fast Arofah on this day because today is the day of Adha Iedul in their country.

Similarly, if the emergence of Dhu al-Hijjah moon in that country one day after ru'yah in Makkah so that the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah in Makkah was only the 8th of Dhu al-Hijjah in the country. Residents country Arofah fasting on the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah according to them even if the day coincides with the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah in Mecca.

This is the most powerful opinion in this matter because the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "If you let you guys see the new moon of Ramadan fasting, and if you look at the new moon of Shawwal should you spend a highway" (Bukhari and Muslim).

The people who in their area the new moon is not visible then they do not include people who see it.

As human beings agree that the rise of the dawn and sunset that followed their respective regions, as well as the determination determination that month daily time (ie follow the their respective regions). "

[Majmu 'Fataawa wa-il Rosa Shaykh Muhammad bin Salih Al' Uthaymeen, 20/47-48, Darul Wathon - Darul Tsaroya, last printed, 1413 H]

Thus the explanation of Shaykh Muhammad ibn Salih Al 'Uthaymeen rahimahullah. In essence, we are still fasting Ramadan, and fasting for days Arofah highway in accordance with the determination of the new moon in this country, although the later is different from fasting, the feast or standing at Saudi Arabia.

Only God who gave taufik.

Author: Muhammad Abduh Tuasikal

Source:www.muslim.or.id